Identification of fabric composition

The easy way to identify the composition of clothing fabrics is the combustion method. The method is to draw a strand of cloth yarn containing warp yarn and weft yarn at the seam of the garment, ignite it with fire, observe the state of the burning flame, smell the smell of the cloth yarn after burning, and look at the residue after burning to judge Whether it is consistent with the fabric composition marked on the clothing durability label to distinguish the authenticity of the fabric composition.

1. Cotton fiber and hemp fiber

Both cotton fiber and hemp fiber burn immediately near the flame, burning quickly, the flame is yellow, and blue smoke is emitted. The difference between the burning smell and the ashes after burning is that the burning of cotton gives off the smell of paper, and the burning of hemp gives off the smell of plant ash; after burning, cotton has very little powder ashes, which is black or gray, and hemp produces a small amount of off-white powder ashes.

2. Wool fiber and silk

The hair smokes when it burns, it burns at a slower speed, and emits the scorching smell of burning hair. After burning, the ashes are mostly shiny black spherical particles, which shatter when the fingers are crushed. The silk shrunk into a ball when it encounters fire, and the burning speed is slow, accompanied by a sizzling sound, and it emits a scorching smell of hair. After burning, it forms into dark brown small ball-shaped ashes, which will shatter when twisted by hand.

3. Nylon and polyester

Polyamide fiber, the scientific name of nylon, quickly crimps and melts into a white gel near the flame. It melts and drips and foams in the flame. There is no flame when burning, and it is difficult to continue burning without the flame. It emits a celery smell. It is light brown and melts after cooling. The material is not easy to grind. The scientific name of polyester is polyester fiber, which is easy to ignite and melts when it is near the flame. When it burns, it emits black smoke while melting. It shows a yellow flame and emits an aromatic odor.

4. Acrylic and polypropylene

The scientific name of acrylic fiber is polyacrylonitrile fiber. It softens and shrinks near fire. It emits black smoke after fire. The flame is white. After leaving the flame, it burns quickly. It emits a bitter smell of burning meat. After burning, the ashes are irregular black lumps, which are easily broken by hand twist. . The scientific name of polypropylene fiber is polypropylene fiber, which melts near the flame and is flammable. It burns slowly and emits black smoke from the fire. The upper end of the flame is yellow and the lower end is blue, emitting a smell of petroleum. After burning, the ashes are hard round light yellow brown particles, easy to twist broken.

5. Vinylon and Chlorine

The scientific name of vinylon is polyvinyl formal fiber. It is not easy to ignite. It melts and shrinks near the flame. When burning, there is a little flame at the top. When the fiber is melted into a gel, the flame becomes larger, there is thick black smoke, and it emits a bitter smell. After burning, it remains black. Bead-shaped particles can be crushed with fingers. The scientific name of polyvinyl chloride fiber is polyvinyl chloride fiber. It is difficult to burn and extinguishes after leaving the fire. The flame is yellow, with green white smoke at the bottom, exuding a pungent, pungent and sour smell.

6. Spandex and fluorine fiber

The scientific name of spandex is polyurethane fiber. It melts while burning near the fire. The flame is blue when burning. It continues to melt away from the fire and emits a special pungent odor. After burning, the ashes are soft and fluffy black ash. The scientific name of fluorine fiber is polytetrafluoroethylene fiber, which is called fluorite fiber by ISO organization. It only melts near flame, hard to ignite, and does not burn. The edge flame is blue-green and carbonized, melted and decomposed. The gas is toxic, and the melt is hard round black. Beads. Fluorine fibers are often used in the textile industry to make high-performance sewing threads.

Seven, viscose fiber and cuproammonium fiber

Viscose fiber is flammable and burns quickly. The flame is yellow and emits the smell of burning paper. After burning, there is little ash, and it is a smooth and twisted ribbon of light gray or off-white fine powder. Copper ammonium fiber, commonly known as tiger kapok, burns near the flame. It burns quickly. The flame is yellow and emits an acid taste. After burning, there is very little ash, only a small amount of gray black ash.